Real-K

Realising the redefined kelvin

Publications & Presentations

This project has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.

Publications:

  1. GAISER, Christof; FELLMUTH, Bernd; HAFT, Norbert. Thermodynamic-temperature data from 30 K to 200 K. Metrologia, 2020.
  2. GAO, Bo, et al. Measurement of thermodynamic temperature between 5 K and 24.5 K with single-pressure refractive-index gas thermometry. Metrologia, 2020.
  3. WANG, Yanfei, et al. A method for spectral irradiance measurement based on a large area WC-C fixed point blackbody. Optics Express, 2020, 28.19: 28430-28440.
  4. PAN, Changzhao, et al. Active suppression of temperature oscillation from a pulse-tube cryocooler in a cryogen-free cryostat: Part 1. Simulation modeling from thermal response characteristics. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.03177, 2020.
  5. PAN, Changzhao, et al. Active suppression of temperature oscillation from a pulse-tube cryocooler in a cryogen-free cryostat: Part 2. Experimental realization. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.03178, 2020.
  6. IMBRAGUGLIO, Dario; STEUR, Petrus Paulus Maria; SPARASCI, Fernando. Comparison of ITS-90 realizations from 13 K to 273 K between LNE-CNAM and INRIM. Measurement, 2020, 166: 108225.
  7. HAHTELA, O. M., et al. Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range. In: 2020 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM). IEEE, 2020. p. 1-2.
  8. G. Garberoglio and A. Harvey, Path-integral calculation of the fourth virial coefficient of helium isotopes, The Journal of Chemical Physics
  9. A. Peruzzi, et al. Survey of Subrange Inconsistency of Long-Stem Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers, Metrologia.
  10. D. Madonna Ripa, at al. Refractive index gas thermometry between 13.8 K and 161.4 K, Metrologia.
  11. P. Changzhao, et al. Acoustic measurement of the triple point of neon TNe and thermodynamic calibration of a transfer standard for accurate cryogenic thermometry, Metrologia.
  12. Martín, M.J., Mantilla, et al. Construction, Characterization and Measurement of Fe–C and Pd–C HTFPs at CEM. Int J Thermophys43, 57 (2022).
  13. Czachorowski P. , et al. Second virial coefficients for 4He and 3He from an accurate relativistic interaction potential. Phys. Rev. A 102, 042810 (2020).
  14. Madonna Ripa D. et al. Corrigendum: Refractive index gas thermometry between 13.8 K and 161.4 K (2021 Metrologia 58 025008)
  15. Pekola J. P.et al., Influence of device non-uniformities on the accuracy of Coulomb blockade thermometry, Metrologia
  16. Machin G. et al., Towards realising the redefined kelvin, Measurement
  17. Machin, G. (2023). The Kelvin Redefinition and Practical Primary Thermometry: Implications for temperature traceability and sensing. Johnson Matthey Technology Review, 67(1), 77-84.‏
  18. KIRSTE, A. Comparison of Different Johnson Noise Thermometers From Millikelvin Down to Microkelvin Temperatures. JPS Conference Proceedings.
  19. MACHIN, G. Progress with realizing the redefined kelvin. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  20. LOWE, D. High-Temperature Fixed-Point Furnace Uncertainty. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  21. LOWE, D. Low uncertainty thermodynamic temperature measurement using relative primary radiometry setting up n=2 scale using copper and rhenium-carbon with uncertainties. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)ZUZEK, V. Least squares approach to standard platinum resistance thermometer subrange inconsistency reduction with redundant gallium and indium fixed points. ITS-10 proceeding.
  22. PEARCE, J. Realizing the redefined kelvin: Extending the life of the ITS-90. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  23. RUSBY, R. Sensitivity of Type 1 Non-uniqueness (Subrange Inconsistency) to Propagated Measurement Error in SPRT Interpolations above 273.16. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  24. GAVIOSO, R. Facilitating primary gas thermometry. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  25. SADLI, M. Assigning thermodynamic temperatures to a set high-temperature fixed points in the range 1400 K to 3000 K. ITS-10 proceeding. In preparation
  26. KIRSTE, A. Realising the redefined kelvin: Realisation and dissemination of the kelvin below 25 K. ITS-10 proceeding.
  27. CAN, M. Realizing of Fe-C, Pd-C, Ru-C and WC-C eutectic fixed-points at UME. ITS-10 proceeding.
  28. CAN, M. Large-area Fe–C Eutectic Fixed-Points for Radiation and Contact Thermometry. Measurement Science Technology.
  29. VELTCHEVA, R. Investigations of Type 3 non-uniqueness in Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers between 83 K and 353 K. Measurement. Link
  30. RUSBY, R. Full-range Interpolations for Long-Stem Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers down to the Triple Point of Argon. ITS-10 proceedings submitted (2023)
  31. GAISER, C. 2022 Update for the Differences Between Thermodynamic Temperature and ITS-90 Below 335 K. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. Link
  32. GARBEROGLIO, G. Ab initio Calculation of Fluid Properties for Precision Metrology. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data.
  33. LANG, J. Thermophysical properties of argon gas from improved two-body interaction potential. Physical Review A.
  34. GAVIOSO, R. Acoustic thermodynamic calibration of capsule-type standard resistance thermometers between 10 K and 25 K. ITS-10 proceeding.
  35. LANG, J. Three-body potential and third virial coefficients for helium including relativistic and nuclear-motion effects. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics.
  36. IMBRAGUGLIO, D. From ITS-90 to Thermodynamic Temperature: Hybrid SPRT Calibrations with LNE-Cnam Acoustic Gas Thermometry. ITS-10 proceeding.

Presentations:

  1. Poster of Real-K project
  2. “Progress in Realising the Redefined Kelvin” at the Sensor and Measurement Science International (SMSI 2021) conference held in May 2021 in Germany.
  3. “Towards realising the redefined kelvin” presented at the International Congress on Metrology (CIM 2021) in September 2021 in France.
  4. “Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range” showcased at IEEE Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, CPEM 2020 in August 2020 in the United States.
  5. “Construction of high temperature fixed points of Fe-C and Pd-C at CEM” discussed at CIM 2021 in September 2021 in France.
  6. “New thermodynamic temperature references up to 3020 K” at CIM 2021, held in September 2021 in France.
  7. “Characterisation and selection of high-temperature fixed point cells at the WC-C peritectic point (3022 K)” at CIM 2021 in September 2021, France.
  8. “Comparison of Different Johnson Noise Thermometers From Millikelvin Down to Microkelvin Temperatures” at the 29th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT29) in August 2022, Japan.
  9. “Progress with realizing the redefined kelvin” at the ITS-10 conference in April 2023, United States.
  10. “High-Temperature Fixed-Point Furnace Uncertainty” presented at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  11. “Low uncertainty thermodynamic temperature measurement using relative primary radiometry setting up n=2 scale using copper and rhenium-carbon with uncertainties” at ITS-10, April 2023, United States.
  12. “Realizing the redefined kelvin: Extending the life of the ITS-90” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  13. “Sensitivity of Type 1 Non-uniqueness (Subrange Inconsistency) to Propagated Measurement Error in SPRT Interpolations above 273.16 K” presented at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  14. “Full-range Interpolations for Long-Stem Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers down to the Triple Point of Argon” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  15. “Facilitating primary gas thermometry” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  16. “Assigning thermodynamic temperatures to a set high-temperature fixed points in the range 1400 K to 3000 K” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  17. “Realising the redefined kelvin: Realisation and dissemination of the kelvin below 25 K” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  18. “Realization of Fe-C Eutectic Point at UME” at the 21st International Metrology Congress (CIM2023) in March 2023, France.
  19. “Realizing of Fe-C, Pd-C, Ru-C and WC-C eutectic fixed-points at UME” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  20. “Type 3 Non-Uniqueness in Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers in the Temperature Range from 83 K to 353 K” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  21. “Least squares approach to standard platinum resistance thermometer subrange inconsistency reduction with redundant gallium and indium fixed points” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  22. “Overview of Realising the Redefined Kelvin” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  23. “High temperature fixed points – introductory overview” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  24. “Progress with indirect primary radiometry for thermodynamic temperature realisation and dissemination” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  25. “Towards primary gas thermometry for thermodynamic temperature dissemination” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  26. “Ab-initio calculation of virial coefficients for metrology” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  27. “Realising and disseminating thermodynamic temperatures below 25 K to 5 K” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  28. “Realising and disseminating thermodynamic temperatures below 1 K to ~ 5 K” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  29. “Extending the life of ITS-90 – non-uniqueness studies” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  30. “Extending the life of ITS-90 – alternate fixed points to mercury” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  31. “CCT Strategy 2020-2030+ overview” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  32. “MeP-K-19 current status and prospects for T vs ITS-90, PLTS-2000” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  33. “Photonic and quantum-based thermometry sensors” at Euramet Tc-T in April 2023, Slovakia.
  34. “Acoustic thermodynamic calibration of capsule-type standard resistance thermometers between 10 K and 25 K” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  35. “From ITS-90 to Thermodynamic Temperature: Hybrid SPRT Calibrations with LNE-Cnam Acoustic Gas Thermometry” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  36. “Relative thermodynamic temperature over the whole temperature range” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  37. “New T-T90 data from 5 K to 24.5 K by single-pressure refractive-index gas thermometry” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  38. “New T-T90 data from 6 K to 24.5 K by fast acoustic gas thermometry” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  39. “Thermometry below 1 K, a comparison of several reference sensors based on different physics principles at LNE-Cnam” at ITS-10 in April 2023, United States.
  40. “Realization of new fixed point cells at the LNE-Cnam” at CIM 2023 in March 2023, France.Progress in Realising the Redefined Kelvin, Invited oral presentation at SMSI – Sensor and Measurement Science International 2021, May 2021
  41. “Research in fast acoustic gas thermometers software development of validated physical models”, P. Alberto Giuliano Albo, Laurent Pitre, Roberto Gavioso, Fernando Sparasci, ECTP 2023, 10-13 September, Venice.

Other dissemination:

  1. Presentation at external event/seminar : Aberdeen University: “Current thermometry research directions”, Jan 2020, United Kingdom
  2. Presentation at external event/seminar etc.: European Society of Precision Engineering (EUSPEN): “the kelvin redefinition and its implications”, Feb 2020, Germany
  3. Presentation at external event/seminar etc.: Glasgow Caledonian: “redefinition of the SI”, Nov 2020, United Kingdom
  4. Presentation at external event/seminar: COOMET webinar, Sep 2020, Russian Federation
  5. Presentation at external event/seminar: COOMET Seminar: COOMET Tasks in the Light of the redefinition of the International System of Units (SI), OCT.2019, Russian Federation
  6. Article published in trade/professional press: New European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research Project: Realising the Redefined kelvin “Real-K”, Jan 2020, United Kingdom
  7. Article published in trade/professional press: Active suppression of temperature oscillation from a pulse-tube Cryocooler in a cryogen-free cryostat: Part 1. Simulation modeling from thermal response characteristics, Jul 2020
  8. Article published in trade/professional press: Active suppression of temperature oscillation from a pulse-tube cryocooler in a cryogen-free cryostat: Part 2. Experimental realization, Jul 2020
  9. Formal technical report: Extending the high temperature range of acoustic gas thermometry, Sep 2021, Italy
  10. Article published in trade/professional press: A method for spectral irradiance measurement based on a large area WC-C fixed point blackbody, 2021
  11. Presentation at external event/seminar: Progress in realising the redefined kelvin, Nov 2023, Spain
  12. Presentation at external event/seminar: Progress in realising the redefined kelvin 12/23 Spain
  13. Conference session organised by project consortium: Real-K session at ITS-10, Apr 2023, United States
  14. Workshop organised by project consortium: half day dissemination workshop at the Euramet TCT, Apr 2023, Slovakia
  15. Local newsletter: Real-K newsletter, July 2021, Portugal
  16. Local newsletter: Real-K newsletter, Apr 2022, Portugal
  17. Software libraries and reference manual for determining the thermal, the caloric and the transport properties of helium-4 in vapor phase from 7 K. Properties are obtained implementing the results of ab-initio calculations published in papers reported in the reference manual. Accessible from Zenodo and here
  18. Software and reference manual for calculating corrections to acoustic and electromagnetic modes measured in a gas-filled triaxial-ellipsoid resonant cavity: Accessible from Zenodo and here

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